Thermos handle human factors analysis and research

 

    (Donghua University School of Mechanical Engineering Department of Industrial Design, 200051, Shanghai)

 

Abstract thermos handle is an important human-computer interaction surface. This seemingly simple man-machine interface, but contains a complex human factor. In order to understand the factors that influence these people, this paper analyzes the different ways to use thermos, and then in-depth analysis of its grip handle way, shape, and the use of force environment. This not only provides a thermos of new product development, design ideas, and prospects for its development provides a new opportunity.

 

Keywords Handle: HCI face: the human factor; usage

 

1 Introduction

 

    20th century, scientists in England Dewar invented the vacuum flask in a laboratory. Thermos come out to people with convenient. With the growing wealth of material goods and people to the pursuit of spiritual life gradually improved, thermos product diversification trend more evident clues. Thermos on the market now not only shape great, colorful, and use in many ways, extremely smart. Pleasure of form and color rich people's aesthetic taste: use of smart operation easy for people to reduce the misuse of the few I rate. These are basically unfolded around the human factor in the thermos product development, human factors into the more comprehensive, more reasonable, the development of products in the market, the more vitality. So thermos handle human factors analysis and research on the development of a market potential thermos of great benefit.

 

2 thermos usage analysis

 

2.1 Functional and structural thermos

 

    Ling mainly through vacuum insulation double wall insulation to maintain the temperature. In recent years with the development of science and technology and people's demand for a new life, there can be external power or batteries to heat water thermos.

 

    In a typical thermos on the market today, for example, the main structure comprising: a handle, shell, liner, cap, pour water outlet, base, etc..

 

2.2 Classification and use thermos

 

  Press the structure and function of thermos: ordinary type, pneumatic, portable and semi-fixed stopper type (Figure 1): Press the insulation can be divided into: insulation type, heat insulation type; according to different power system can be divided into : wired, cordless type and so on.

 

    Target user groups based on their physical and psychological needs, choose a suitable behavior using thermos. Obviously, the thermos is used by the target user group subjective factors caused by the specific behavior. If you carefully observe the situation thermos large number of users and found that the water way and handle design, a thermos of use is obviously not the same.

 

    In addition to those listed in Table 1 common use, also. There is a class thermos (Figure 3), which is a folding handle. If it is the handle folded up, it is a portable thermos: If you handle it expanded, it is a general formula of the thermos. This design fully consider the needs of two user groups, user-friendly features of the more prominent, so it won that year's Japan's "G" logo award. Three common ways of thermos handle grip

 

3.1 grip handle common way

 

    Hand grip posture is usually divided into completely gripping and incomplete grip. If the hand is fully grasp objects (or at least a part is completely caught), the hand grip position is considered completely grip. Thereby pushing the other grip (such as those hand to push or lift) are considered to be incomplete grip. Figure 4 expresses the hand grip of material relations and various ways.

 

(1) finger contact:

 

(2) palm contact:

 

(3) refers to grasp hold (hook grip):

 

(4) a thumb finger grip (grip point):

 

(5) thumb a finger palm grasp (pinching grip);

 

(6) a finger-side thumb grasp (side grips):

 

(7) the thumb and two fingers grip (write grip):

 

(8) bad thumb a finger around (plate grip):

 

(9) finger a palm surround;

 

(10) a strong grip.

 

    Hold the posture is the most common point of grip, pinch grip, lateral grip and power grip. Point grip is not exactly gripping, it's just using the thumb and the other fingers fingertip fingertips. This method is often used to hold or manipulate small objects picking up, with this way of holding torque is applied to give the object difficult. Pinch grip is with the thumb and fingers to grasp another object. However grasp objects is by the finger and thumb gripping action. This way you can use to pinch a small torque is applied to the object. Side grip grip is a transitional mode, the operation requires an intermediate position of moderate strength and accuracy. Strong grip is a completely gripping, this approach requires the wrist and upper arm grip resorted to force all.

 

3.2 thermos way of gripping the handle

 

    Table l different ways according to the water and handle design detailed analysis of the differences between different ways to use thermos. In the process of using the thermos, thermos if you accidentally let slip from the hands fell to the ground, broken glass liner will undoubtedly, will therefore spilled hot water four, scald injury will ensue. For safety reasons, both flasks without handles, they are used in Figure 4 are generally used in a strong grip means. But the difference between the use thermos, makes a strong grip means there are some differences. When a strong grip on fingers and palms without movement can be divided into: ① the thumb and the other four fingers grasp the handle, without any movement (Figure 1): ② fire thumb F Pressure Control corks pop, the other four fingers grasp the handle (Figure 2). Press the strong grip of the hand of force direction can be divided into: ① grip handle grip: ② mention handle grip (Figure 5).

 

    From Figure 5 mechanics fan knows, lift the thermos with a grip handle will produce a twisting moment, so lift the handle and lift comparison, it takes more effort, more likely to cause a static force of hand muscles, but not long Gang time to grip. But since it is rigidly connected with the bottle, thermos short grip firmly maintain its stability and easy movement and security, so it is often used on inclined water bottle and so on to other containers. And when you lift the handle with a thermos to mention just a vertical force, does not produce twisting moment, and thus does not increase the load bearing arm, will be easy to catch up a little. It is generally suitable for long holding thermos and move from one place to another place, but because it is the hinge connection between the bottle, easy activities, and therefore not used to other water container.

 

    Real life there is a case: the same one grip handle, if you change the direction of the hand force, it becomes a lift handle, and this change will also benefit the user. In school, students often go Kaishuifang open water, then get dormitory drinking. Careful observation will find: they are on the road and lift the thermos using a handle to mention the way to take in the dormitory drinking hot water thermos with a mention of it is the way the handle grip (Figure 6). The occurrence of such cases can be explained by the above analysis.

 

4 thermos handle shape, the number of force

 

  Purpose and use of environmental analysis

 

  Seeking thermos handle human factors, in addition to ways of gripping the handle, you can also go from a few aspects

 

Analysis.

 

4.1 shape of the handle

 

    Thermos handle shape has two effects: first, user-friendly grip, reflecting the thermos into the machine engineering quality: second, making it harmonize with the overall increase in thermos aesthetics. To facilitate the users grip, the handle will determine the dimensions refer to the relevant anthropometric dimensions. In general, the determination of the length of the handle shown in Figure 7 to refer to the diagonal width of the hand on the handle to determine the thickness of the grip to refer to the case of Figure 8 the diameter of the handle buildings'. In addition, in order to slip, thermos handle some texture or surface suitably padded.

 

4.2 people handle force

 

In order to grip firmly thermos, people can not handle the force is too small. From the above analysis gripping means knowledge, thermos is a powerful way to grip the handle grip. The strong force holding the best posture is to allow the wrist to keep straight state or similar position to grasp the pistol. One study found that: a bad wrist posture will grip strength decreased. Figure 9, the wrist is bent gripping force reduction of 27%. Gripping force when stretched 23% reduction: radial deflection gripping force reduction 170; 6: ulnar deflection gripping force decreased by 14%. Therefore, a user with a powerful way to grip firmly grip thermos, should allow the wrist to keep straight state force to get the best results. In addition, the contact surface of the hand with the handle gripping force will affect the size of port 1. If a person applying a force to a large contact surface, holding power will be reduced. Therefore, a user with a powerful way to grip firmly grip thermos when the size of the contact surface should be adjusted so that in the best condition.

 

4.3 The number of handles

 

    Generally, 5kg load above should have a handle: relatively large volume and weight loads should have two handles port 1. But there are some exceptions, in Figure 10, which is designed for children a thermos. Its size and weight are relatively small, but with the two handles. Do so because the designer is based on the following considerations: Children as immaturity forces are relatively small, but they can not ignore the safety factor. Using two handle grip, not only increases the force of the handle, but also to maintain the stability of the bottle. Improve the use of security.

 

4.4 The use of the environment handle

 

    Analysis of the use of thermos handle the environment, that is, considering the environment and the use of the handle and thermos coordination and blending. In general, the handle can be placed in flasks on either side of its center of gravity, but to be placed above the center of gravity position of Sichuan. Only way to maintain grasp stability. For Figure 2 thermos, since even the thumb when holding control corks pop, so the position of the handle away from the bottle to close it. In most cases, in order to prevent water from splashing out of bottle burn your hand, the position of the handle to be a little farther away from the bottle.

 

    Thermos use and overall environment are closely related. For example, when traveling picnickers and white-collar office, they like to use very small size and weight of portable thermos. Then you need to handle, because the handle and bottle blend. At this time the bottle is easy to carry in diameter should not exceed the maximum diameter of the handle. Now there are designers are trying to design a thermos for young mothers so they carry the baby to go and let the baby drink water immediately. That it handles what should consider what factors do?

 

5 Summary

 

    From the above analysis, we can learn, during the design of the handle thermos human factors to be considered are: ① To determine the length and thickness of the handle to consider the diagonal width of the hand gripping the handle and function of the diameter: ② order Consider slip on the surface of the handle to add some texture or liner: ③ In order to maintain stability and improve the use of bottle security need to consider the number of handles; ④ easy to grasp the need to consider the placement of the handle; ⑤ handle tilt angle should be beneficial to the sub force, while ensuring wrist posture and so on. Overall, these factors are from human comfort and security considerations used, the purpose is to improve the quality thermos ergonomics. Once the ergonomic quality thermos raise up, its competitiveness in the market, there would be increased.

 

    This article is to explore the human factor thermos handle the beginning, but also from society and the human spirit needs to explore thermos handle human factor.